Have a useful resource you want added to this list? Post it as a reply and we'll add it to the OP.

Official Links:
The Lodestone - http://lodestone.finalfantasyxiv.com/pl/index.html
Official Blog - http://na.finalfantasyxiv.com/pr/blog/
Official Twitter - https://twitter.com/FF_XIV_EN
MogStation - https://secure.square-enix.com/account/app/svc/Login?cont=account&request=mogstation

Sites:
IGN FFXIV - http://www.ign.com/wikis/final-fantasy-xiv
Zam FFXIV - http://ffxiv.zam.com/
Reddit - http://www.reddit.com/r/ffxiv
Eorzea Reborn - http://eorzeareborn.com/
Server Status - http://arrstatus.com
UI Simulator - http://ffxiv.game-junkie.net/HUD/
Full Map Image - http://i.imgur.com/3uL7pyG.jpg

Item DB / Bestiary:
Pro DB - http://www.ffxivpro.com
XIVDB - http://xivdb.com
Minion List - http://www.bluegartr.com/threads/117575-Minion-List

Leveling:
FATE Guide - http://ffxivrealm.com/guides/ebens-fate-grinding-guide.26/
Tradecraft Levequests - http://www.bluegartr.com/threads/118012-Best-repeatable-tradecraft-leves
Hunting Log Locations - http://ffxiv.consolegameswiki.com/wiki/Hunting_Log
Full Map w/ Mob Level - http://eorzea-atlas.com/